URBAN | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
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English
Meaning of urban in English
urbanadjective [ before noun ] uk
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/ˈɜː.bən/ us
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/ˈɝː.bən/
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B2 of or in a city or town: urban development urban decay Compare
rural
More examplesFewer examplesthe urban sprawl of South FloridaThe council is committed to a programme of urban regeneration.Pollution has reached disturbingly high levels in some urban areas.The speaker gave an interesting presentation on urban transport.The speed limit is strictly enforced on urban roads.
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases
Towns & regions: towns, cities & villages (general)
aerotropolis
anti-city
anti-urban
boom town
Brummie
burgher
Cantabrigian
central city
civic
conurbation
metropolitan
metropolitan elite
multi-city
municipal
native place
non-municipal
open city
small-town
smoke
urbanite
See more results »
(Definition of urban from the Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary & Thesaurus © Cambridge University Press)
urban | American Dictionary
urbanadjective us
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/ˈɜr·bən/
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of or in a city or town: Many Americans were leaving the farm for the promise of urban life. Over 82% of Texans live in urban areas.
(Definition of urban from the Cambridge Academic Content Dictionary © Cambridge University Press)
urban | Business English
urbanadjective uk
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/ˈɜːbən/ us
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Add to word list
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relating to towns and cities: an urban area/centre/community urban decay/development/planning The high-speed train link is responsible for one of the biggest urban regeneration projects in the area. Compare
rural
(Definition of urban from the Cambridge Business English Dictionary © Cambridge University Press)
Examples of urban
urban
The richness of interpretation shown here is a model for other urban studies.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
The urban average income is reduced by 1.5 per cent at the end of the simulation period.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
It actually turns out that urban real wage is reduced by less than 1 per cent.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Instead, they focused on the dominant urban health discourse surrounding reducing the cases of contagious diseases and improving hygiene.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
These urban redevelopment measures caused the city to spread into surrounding areas.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
In every chapter the narrative is given colour by local case studies from urban and rural congregations, brief vignettes of church leaders and telling incidents.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
The same was not true, and was not supposed to be true, in urban areas where the need for employer housing was greater.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Access to the services of these systems was extremely limited, often to an urban population.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Possibly, this urban market absorbed part of the area's rural workforce, thereby lightening the pressure on those who sought access to arable land.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
At the same time, urban life-styles and the acquisition of new rights and opportunities radically changed women's expectations and collective self-image.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
In some respects, this is surprising, as urban planning had existed on an institutional basis only since the early twentieth century.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
However, this process also encouraged elements within urban society to define themselves in opposition to rival 'communities' within their own walls.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Finally, it was not until the early 1960s that the growth pole did achieve slight development of industry in urban periphery.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Secondly, they actively carried out and published social surveys of urban poverty.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
This is by no means just a phenomenon restricted to urban poverty.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors.
What is the pronunciation of urban?
B2
Translations of urban
in Chinese (Traditional)
城市的，城鎮的…
See more
in Chinese (Simplified)
城市的，城镇的…
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in Spanish
urbano, urbano/ana [masculine-feminine, singular]…
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in Portuguese
urbano, urbano/-na…
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in more languages
in Marathi
in Japanese
in Turkish
in French
in Catalan
in Dutch
in Tamil
in Hindi
in Gujarati
in Danish
in Swedish
in Malay
in German
in Norwegian
in Urdu
in Ukrainian
in Russian
in Telugu
in Arabic
in Bengali
in Czech
in Indonesian
in Thai
in Vietnamese
in Polish
in Korean
in Italian
शहरी, नगराचा…
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都会の, 都市の, 都会（とかい）の…
See more
kentsel, şehre/kente/modern yaşama dair/ait…
See more
urbain/-e, urbain…
See more
urbà…
See more
stedelijk, urbaan…
See more
ஒரு நகரத்தின் அல்லது நகரத்தில் அல்லது சிறிய நகரத்தில்…
See more
शहरी…
See more
શહેરી…
See more
by-, bymæssig…
See more
urban, stads-…
See more
bandar…
See more
Stadt-……
See more
urban, by-, bymessig…
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شہری, شہر کا…
See more
міський…
See more
городской…
See more
నాగరక…
See more
مَدَني, حَضَري…
See more
নগর বা শহর সম্পর্কিত…
See more
městský…
See more
kota…
See more
เกี่ยวกับเมือง…
See more
thuộc, ở thành phố…
See more
miejski…
See more
도시의…
See more
urbano…
See more
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Urban Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
Urban Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
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Est. 1828
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urban
adjective
ur·ban
ˈər-bən
Synonyms of urban
: of, relating to, characteristic of, or constituting a city
Examples of urban in a Sentence
Recent Examples on the Web
The change would effectively weaken the power of urban residents’ votes and empower the votes of rural residents in statewide elections on constitutional amendments.
—Kacen Bayless, Kansas City Star, 3 Mar. 2024
However, both species have been seen together in the same flocks, underlining the importance of monitoring the birds for signs of hybridization that could undermine proposals to reintroduce urban parrots from Southern California to their native habitats in Mexico.
—Louis Sahagún, Los Angeles Times, 3 Mar. 2024
The nearby Meiji Jingu Shinto shrine was another urban oasis surrounded by 173 acres of woods right in the middle of the city.
—Helen Schulman, Travel + Leisure, 2 Mar. 2024
Retailers see opportunities to follow customers who moved during the pandemic from large urban centers to rural and suburban areas, Hottovy said.
—Jaclyn Peiser, Washington Post, 2 Mar. 2024
This doesn’t apply to the urban air mobility Jetson dreams of electric vertical take off and landing aircraft by the way.
—Michael Barnard, Forbes, 2 Mar. 2024
Buck didn’t have Shaft’s contemporary urban setting or its Academy Award-winning Isaac Hayes theme song.
—Chris Klimek, Smithsonian Magazine, 1 Mar. 2024
These openings expanded the dining options of state workers and urban residents to include farm-to-fork and Mexican seafood restaurants as well as Moroccan cuisine.
—Benjy Egel, Sacramento Bee, 1 Mar. 2024
Most tardigrades live in aquatic environments, but they can be found in any environment, even urban ones.
—Laurent Palka, Discover Magazine, 1 Mar. 2024
See More
These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'urban.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.
Word History
Etymology
Latin urbanus, from urbs city
First Known Use
circa 1634, in the meaning defined above
Time Traveler
The first known use of urban was
circa 1634
See more words from the same year
Phrases Containing urban
anti-urban
urban legend
urban district
urban planner
urban sprawl
urban renewal
Dictionary Entries Near urban
urazole
urban
Urban
See More Nearby Entries
Cite this Entry
Style
MLA
Chicago
APA
Merriam-Webster
“Urban.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/urban. Accessed 12 Mar. 2024.
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Kids Definition
urban
adjective
ur·ban
ˈər-bən
: of, relating to, typical of, or being a city
urban life an urban area
Biographical Definition
Urban
biographical name
Ur·ban
ˈər-bən
name of 8 popes: especially II (
Odo
ˈō-(ˌ)dō
of Lagery) circa 1035–1099 (pope 1088–99)
More from Merriam-Webster on urban
Thesaurus: All synonyms and antonyms for urban
Nglish: Translation of urban for Spanish Speakers
Britannica English: Translation of urban for Arabic Speakers
Last Updated:
6 Mar 2024
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URBAN | definition in the Cambridge English Dictionary
URBAN | definition in the Cambridge English Dictionary
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English (US)
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English
Meaning of urban in English
urbanadjective [ before noun ] us
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/ˈɝː.bən/ uk
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/ˈɜː.bən/
Add to word list
Add to word list
B2 of or in a city or town: urban development urban decay Compare
rural
More examplesFewer examplesthe urban sprawl of South FloridaThe council is committed to a program of urban regeneration.Pollution has reached disturbingly high levels in some urban areas.The speaker gave an interesting presentation on urban transport.The speed limit is strictly enforced on urban roads.
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases
Towns & regions: towns, cities & villages (general)
aerotropolis
anti-city
anti-urban
boom town
Brummie
burgher
Cantabrigian
central city
civic
megalopolis
metropolitan
metropolitan elite
multi-city
native place
non-municipal
settlement
small-town
smoke
urbanite
urbanize
See more results »
(Definition of urban from the Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary & Thesaurus © Cambridge University Press)
urban | Intermediate English
urbanadjective us
Your browser doesn't support HTML5 audio
/ˈɜr·bən/
Add to word list
Add to word list
of or in a city or town: Many Americans were leaving the farm for the promise of urban life. Over 82% of Texans live in urban areas.
(Definition of urban from the Cambridge Academic Content Dictionary © Cambridge University Press)
urban | Business English
urbanadjective uk
Your browser doesn't support HTML5 audio
/ˈɜːbən/ us
Your browser doesn't support HTML5 audio
Add to word list
Add to word list
relating to towns and cities: an urban area/centre/community urban decay/development/planning The high-speed train link is responsible for one of the biggest urban regeneration projects in the area. Compare
rural
(Definition of urban from the Cambridge Business English Dictionary © Cambridge University Press)
Examples of urban
urban
In many large urban school districts, three in four students or more are poor.
From Huffington Post
Thirty-two percent of residents in urban areas are 50 or order.
From Minneapolis Star Tribune
As confirmation, another study using photos of urban or nature scenes rather than walks yielded similar results.
From The Seattle Times
Rapid, unplanned growth in many urban areas of the developing world has people, livestock and wildlife living in close proximity with inadequate sanitary services.
From Voice of America
Many of them have never been in an urban setting at all.
From Huffington Post
By 2050, three-quarters of the world's population will be urban.
From Slate Magazine
They fail to consider that the opportunities for involvement they are offering may not be what urban parents really need, at least initially.
From Huffington Post
These investigations were also sometimes part of larger attempts to understand urban communities.
From The Atlantic
This is not your average struggling urban high school.
From The Atlantic
Bacteria may be the key to produce useful bioplastics from the gasification of urban waste.
From Phys.Org
Over the coming years, however, the continent's population is expected to explode, particularly in urban areas.
From The Verge
Urban public boarding schools themselves are not new.
From The Atlantic
They never thought of themselves as just urban directors.
From Los Angeles Times
Solid waste management is a challenge for large urban areas around the world.
From Huffington Post
These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors.
What is the pronunciation of urban?
B2
Translations of urban
in Chinese (Traditional)
城市的，城鎮的…
See more
in Chinese (Simplified)
城市的，城镇的…
See more
in Spanish
urbano, urbano/ana [masculine-feminine, singular]…
See more
in Portuguese
urbano, urbano/-na…
See more
in more languages
in Marathi
in Japanese
in Turkish
in French
in Catalan
in Dutch
in Tamil
in Hindi
in Gujarati
in Danish
in Swedish
in Malay
in German
in Norwegian
in Urdu
in Ukrainian
in Russian
in Telugu
in Arabic
in Bengali
in Czech
in Indonesian
in Thai
in Vietnamese
in Polish
in Korean
in Italian
शहरी, नगराचा…
See more
都会の, 都市の, 都会（とかい）の…
See more
kentsel, şehre/kente/modern yaşama dair/ait…
See more
urbain/-e, urbain…
See more
urbà…
See more
stedelijk, urbaan…
See more
ஒரு நகரத்தின் அல்லது நகரத்தில் அல்லது சிறிய நகரத்தில்…
See more
शहरी…
See more
શહેરી…
See more
by-, bymæssig…
See more
urban, stads-…
See more
bandar…
See more
Stadt-……
See more
urban, by-, bymessig…
See more
شہری, شہر کا…
See more
міський…
See more
городской…
See more
నాగరక…
See more
مَدَني, حَضَري…
See more
নগর বা শহর সম্পর্কিত…
See more
městský…
See more
kota…
See more
เกี่ยวกับเมือง…
See more
thuộc, ở thành phố…
See more
miejski…
See more
도시의…
See more
urbano…
See more
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Browse
uracil
BETA
uranium
Uranus
uranyl
BETA
urban
urban exploration
urban explorer
urban jungle
urban myth
More meanings of urban
All
urban renewal
urban sprawl
non-urban
anti-urban
urban myth
urban explorer
urban jungle
See all meanings
Word of the Day
response
UK
Your browser doesn't support HTML5 audio
/rɪˈspɒns/
US
Your browser doesn't support HTML5 audio
/rɪˈspɑːns/
an answer or reaction
About this
Blog
Forget doing it or forget to do it? Avoiding common mistakes with verb patterns (2)
March 06, 2024
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New Words
inverse vaccine
March 11, 2024
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To top
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DHSUD, 5 Davao Region LGUs ink pact for 4PH | Edge Davao
DHSUD, 5 Davao Region LGUs ink pact for 4PH | Edge Davao
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Home Latest News DHSUD, 5 Davao Region LGUs ink pact for 4PH
DHSUD, 5 Davao Region LGUs ink pact for 4PH
By Maya Padillo - October 13, 2023 4:00 am
Mayor Michelle Nakpil Rabat of Mati City, together with Secretary Jose Rizalino Acusar of the Department of Human Settlement and Urban Development (DHSUD) (2nd from left), Presidential Assistant for Eastern Mindanao Secretary Leo Tereso Magno (2nd from right), Undersecretary Avelino Tolentino III of DHSUD (rightmost) and DHSUD 11 director lawyer Roberto Mauro Miguel Palma Gil, enters into an agreement with the agency for the national housing project of the administration of President Ferdinand R. Marcos Jr dubbed as Pambansang Pabahay Para sa Pilipino Program (4PH) in time for the celebration of the National Shelter Month held at SM City Davao's annex on Thursday. LEAN DAVAL JR
The Department of Human Settlements and Urban Development (DSHUD) and five local government units (LGUs) of Davao Region inked an agreement to provide housing projects in their localities through the Pambansang Pabahay Para sa Pilipino (4PH) program during the opening of the National Shelter Month on Thursday at SM City Davao.
DHSUD signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with Mayor Al David Uy of the Island Garden City of Samal (IGaCoS), Mayor Myrocel Balili of the municipality of Nabunturan, Davao de Oro; and Mayor Sebastian “Baste” Duterte represented by Councilor Sweet Advincula for the city government of Davao.
The agency also inked a memorandum of afreement (MOA) with Mayor Michelle Nakpil Rabat of Mati City and Mayor Josef Cagas represented by Vice Mayor Johari Baña of
Digos City.
“Ang pirmahan na MOU at MOA ay patunay sa patuloy ng pag-arangkada ng Pambansang Pabahay Para sa Pilipino Program,” said DHSUD Secretary Jose Rizalino L. Acuzar in his message.
The 4PH Program is a project of President Ferdinand Marcos Jr., which aims to establish livable communities by providing decent housing for the Filipino people.
He said currently, up to 20 projects under the national housing are ongoing in the different parts of the country.
“This time, we are signing MOAs with the local government units of Digos and Mati and entering into MOUs with Nabunturan, IGaCoS, and Davao City, signaling the start of our collaboration to provide decent yet affordable shelters to our kababayans specially the poorest of the poor. Sila po ay ibinilin ng Pangulong Marcos na gawing prayoridad ng pambansang pabahay,” Acuzar said.
He said under the 4PH program, DHSUD also aims to address the 6.5 million housing backlog in the country.
“Hindi lamang basta bubong sa ibabaw ng mga ulo ng ating mga kababayan ang ating minimithi kundi disente, ligtas at matatag na pabahay,” he said.
Meanwhile, in Mati City, the housing project will be constructed at the two-hectare land in Bilawan donated by the City of Mati LGU.
According to the statement, the initial plan is for two-beseoom 30 square-meter unit with no equity and a straight monthly payment of P3,500, payable in 25 years, for those who wanted to avail of the housing project.
He/she must also be a member of Pag-ibig Fund.
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URBAN Definition & Usage Examples | Dictionary.com
URBAN Definition & Usage Examples | Dictionary.com
GamesDaily CrosswordWord PuzzleWord FinderAll gamesFeaturedWord of the DaySynonym of the DayWord of the YearNew wordsLanguage storiesAll featuredPop cultureSlangEmojiMemesAcronymsGender and sexualityAll pop cultureWriting tipsGrammar Coach™Writing hubGrammar essentialsCommonly confusedAll writing tipsGamesFeaturedPop cultureWriting tipsurban[ ur-buhn ]show ipaSee synonyms for urban on Thesaurus.comadjectiveof, relating to, or designating a city or town: densely populated urban areas.living, located, or taking place in a city: urban rooftop gardening.characteristic of or accustomed to cities; citified: He’s an urban type—I can’t picture him enjoying a whole week at our cabin in the woods.of or relating to the experience, lifestyle, or culture of African Americans living in economically depressed inner-city neighborhoods: Their first album had a hard, urban vibe.Offensive. (used as a euphemism for Black or African American, rather than in reference to cities or their residents): a drug problem that particularly impacts the urban residents in this small town.See moreOrigin of urban1First recorded in 1610–20; from Latin urbānus, equivalent to urb- (stem of urbs ) “city” + -ānus adjective suffix; see -anword story For urbanIn the United States, racial identities have historically been interwoven with disparate economic and geographical experiences. This has given rise to a coded language in which the terms urban and suburban have distinct racial connotations. In the early 20th century, factories in northern cities recruited large numbers of African Americans from southern states. This migration north transformed the historically rural Black American experience into an urban one. In the 1950s, courts outlawed segregation and mandated the racial integration of schools, resulting in decades of white flight . Many white families abandoned inner-city neighborhoods, relocating themselves and their assets to suburban communities. Discrimination over the years kept suburbia largely white and wealthy, enjoying well-funded school districts and other amenities. Meanwhile, urban life, especially in the inner city , became increasingly associated with poverty and decay. In response, the government built housing projects for low-income residents, but this further concentrated poverty in isolated neighborhoods (ghettos that became popularly known as 'hoods ). By the end of the 20th century, inner-city urban life was associated with African Americans of low socioeconomic status. Similarly, in discussions about poverty, crime, and drugs, the terms inner-city and urban became convenient euphemisms for Black —a way to avoid implying causality between race and life circumstance. The term urban can factually describe a particular living situation, for example, urban poverty versus rural poverty. However, as a euphemism for slums, crime, or race, the use of the term urban is inaccurate, outdated, and offensive. Such use is inaccurate and outdated because city neighborhoods have been steadily changing. Urban renewal and gentrification have brought new residents and assets to city centers. Urban poverty still exists, but its current manifestation doesn’t match the stereotypes of decay, gang violence, and drug culture built around news stories and images from the 1970s and 1980s. Even more offensive is the inaccurate substitution of urban to mean Black when not referring to city dwellers. If two cowboys get into a fist fight in a rural honky-tonk, and if one of them is white and one is Black, the reporting of that story should in no way refer to one of those men as urban . Even accurate use of the word urban may raise troubling racial issues. If someone who authentically claims an urban identity creates a line of clothing and markets it to suburban consumers, is calling that clothing urban acceptable? Does the Grammy for Best Urban Contemporary Album promote recognition of R & B fusion artists, or does it mean that there are two separate but equal Grammy Awards for Album of the Year? It should be clear whether one is talking about race (Black civil rights leaders), poverty (educational opportunities for low socioeconomic status students), or geography (urban food insecurity and rural hunger). While the terms urban or inner-city can evoke one specific minority experience in the United States, they should not be used interchangeably with racial identity words like Black or African American . Nor should suburban be used indiscriminately to reference white America. Each of these circumstances and identities is a mix of class and geography, albeit with strong racial associations. The terms urban and suburban should therefore be used mindfully and only when evoking all aspects of those specific American experiences.Other words from urbanan·ti·ur·ban, adjectivenon·ur·ban, adjectivesem·i·ur·ban, adjectiveun·ur·ban, adjectiveWords that may be confused with urban1. rural, suburban, urban 2. urban , urbaneWords Nearby urbanUrartuuraseurateUrawaurburbanUrbanaurban areaurban bluesurban contemporaryUrbandaleDictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2024How to use urban in a sentenceImpact-focused OZ investment is not restricted to urban communities.Opportunity Zones haven’t fully reached their potential, but don’t write them off yet | jakemeth | September 16, 2020 | FortuneIn fact, human-food sources accounted for as much as 60 to 75 percent of what urban coyotes ate.Are coyotes moving into your neighborhood? | Kathryn Hulick | September 3, 2020 | Science News For StudentsA large chunk of the fine particulate matter pollution in urban areas—ranging from 20 to 70 percent—is secondary organic aerosols, or SOAs.City pavement is a big source of air pollution | Ula Chrobak | September 3, 2020 | Popular-ScienceWhat’s more, these districts are similar in that they are relatively racially diverse and urban, which partly explains progressives’ success here.Ed Markey Won, But It’s Still Been A Rough Year For Incumbents | Nathaniel Rakich (nathaniel.rakich@fivethirtyeight.com) | September 2, 2020 | FiveThirtyEightFor instance, there’s Margaret Anadu, head of Goldman Sachs’s urban investment group.The women of Fortune’s 2020 40 Under 40 list | Claire Zillman, reporter | September 2, 2020 | FortuneWe see detoxing as a path to transcendence, a symbol of modern urban virtue and self-transformation through abstinence.How Taryn Toomey’s ‘The Class’ Became New York’s Latest Fitness Craze | Lizzie Crocker | January 9, 2015 | THE DAILY BEASTIn the wee hours of Christmas morning, a flight deal was shared in an exclusive Facebook group for urban travelers.‘We Out Here’: Inside the New Black Travel Movement | Charlise Ferguson | January 4, 2015 | THE DAILY BEASTYoung, hip, urban millennials are using tools like Instagram to become one of the fastest growing travel markets.‘We Out Here’: Inside the New Black Travel Movement | Charlise Ferguson | January 4, 2015 | THE DAILY BEASTHis New Deal Coalition brought together Southerners, Northern ethnic minorities, and urban blacks under the same banner.Steve Scalise Shows There’s a Fine Line Between Confederate & Southern | Lloyd Green | January 2, 2015 | THE DAILY BEASTThe former provides entrepreneurial training and educational programs for youths from low-income urban areas around the world.Streetwear pioneer, visionary entrepreneur, and community mentor Daymond John is honored with Hennessy Privilege Award | Hennessy | January 1, 2015 | THE DAILY BEASTurban property and lands were assessed at values far beyond those at which the owners truly estimated them.The Philippine Islands | John ForemanToday in the cities, and particularly in the quickly growing urban areas, there are different conditions.Report of the Special Committee on Moral Delinquency in Children and Adolescents | Oswald Chettle Mazengarb et al.But what, in the name of the great prince, is the meaning of her declining the urban expedition?Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 1 (of 2) | Edward GibbonI could find no solution, unless it be that instinctive belief of a city-bred civilization that all joys are urban.The Idyl of Twin Fires | Walter Prichard EatonAt sight of him urban smiled again, and would have spoken; for he recognized the great Duke.God Wills It! | William Stearns DavisSee More ExamplesBritish Dictionary definitions for urbanurban/ (ˈɜːbən) /adjectiveof, relating to, or constituting a city or townliving in a city or town(of music) emerging and developing in densely populated areas of large cities, esp those populated by people of African or Caribbean origin: Compare ruralSee moreOrigin of urban1C17: from Latin urbānus, from urbs cityCollins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition
© William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins
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Editorial: Davao City's growing urban problems
Editorial: Davao City's growing urban problems
HomeBacolodCagayan de OroCebuDavaoIloiloManilaPampangaTaclobanZamboangaSuperBalitaSuperBalitaSuperBalita CebuSuperBalita Davao
OpinionEditorial: Davao City's growing urban problemsSunnexdeskPublished on: Sep 01, 2019, 3:27 pmIN A sense, the statement that "Davao, life is here" is true. Here we enjoy urban living but at the same time get to enjoy the benefits of provincial living. As compared to most urban cities, life in Davao City is generally comfortable with lower cost of living, abundance of food sources, cleaner environment, better governance, and a quieter community.Davao City had been regarded for many of its best practices whether in terms of how it is governed, the laws that it has enacted, or its programs for those living within the city.However, as much as we love Davao City, we cannot deny the fact that the city has growing urban problems that need to be immediately addressed. Some of these are the poor public transport system, worsening traffic situation in the city, flooding in many portions, and environmental problems.We have written countless times about the poor public transport in Davao City. For a city the size of Davao and with the number of people commuting daily, the current public transport system of the city is outdated and poor.During rainy days, many Dabawenyos living in the city's suburbs find it hard to get on a jeep or on an L300 to go home. Some would have to wait hours before they can ride one.Rain or shine, it is always not a good experience to ride a jeep because of how hot it can be, how tight it is when in full capacity, and you could even get wet when it is raining.We commend the city for launching the Peak Hours Augmentation Bus System (PHABS) to cater to commuters of the Toril and Catalunan Grande route, it has somehow brought relief to many commuters.It also good to note that they are looking into implementing PHABS in other routes. Better, the city must fast-track the implementation of the High Priority Bus System (HPBS) for all major routes.Many commuters in Davao City have long been calling for the implementation of the bus system. It also good to note that Davao City Mayor Sara Z. Duterte-Carpio has put the bus system as among the city's priority projects. We just hope that it will be implemented sooner.Coupled with the poor public transport system, the city is also facing a worsening traffic problem. Though not as bad as Metro Manila and Metro Cebu but the traffic here is already bad compared to, say, five or 10 years ago.Traveling from downtown area to Toril, Tibungco, or Indagan on a jeep can take up to a maximum of two hours when traffic is bad or during peak hours. There had been days when commuting from CM Recto to Lanang via JP Laurel can take up to an hour instead of just 20 to 30 minutes that we are used to.There are a lot of factors to the city's traffic woes like the small roads, drivers who lack road discipline, and the volume of private vehicles. New road networks and a better public transport system may help improve the city's traffic.The city's flooding problem is also worsening. City Disaster and Risk Reduction Management Office (CDDRMO) operations officer Rodrigo Bustillo described the flood on the night of August 28 as one of the biggest he experienced.The flood affected over 3,500 families who had no water and electricity for several days after the flood. Portions of downtown area are also becoming instant rivers or lakes during heavy rains.The city might want to implement a long-term solution to the growing flood problem.On top of these, the city may need to address issues on the environment that it is facing. One of these is the growing garbage problem. While Davao City has been recognized as among the cleanest cities in the Philippines, a look into the city's canals or in some coastal barangays, you will find piles of trash. The flooding is also a red flag for the city to take a look at its uplands and see if trees are still there to protect it from flashfloods.While a lot of responsibility falls on the shoulders of the city to resolve these glaring issues, Dabawenyos also play part in the solution.In improving the traffic situation, some drivers can be more responsible and be reminded that they do not own the streets. For the environment, Dabawenyos can start by reducing the waste they produce.Generally, "Life is here" but if nothing is done to immediately address these problems, we can forget that motto and change it to "Stress is here".UrbanizationUrban livingShow CommentsTrendingNo stories found.Just inNo stories found.Branded ContentNo stories found.
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Urban culture | Definition, Sociology, Characteristics, Examples, & Facts | Britannica
Urban culture | Definition, Sociology, Characteristics, Examples, & Facts | Britannica
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urban culture
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urban culture
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IntroductionDefinitions of the city and urban culturesTypes of urban culturesUrban cultures before the capitalist world systemThe ritual cityThe administrative cityThe mercantile cityUrban cultures since the capitalist world systemThe industrial cityThe mass-communications cityColonial and neocolonial urban culturesThe colonial cityThe neocolonial cityCities and cultures
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Smithsonian Learning Lab - Down These Mean Streets: Community and Place in Urban Photography
Also known as: urban society
Written by
Richard G. Fox
President Emeritus of the Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research, and Adjunct Professor of Anthropology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Author of Gandhian Utopia: Experiments...
Richard G. Fox
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Key People:
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Lewis Mumford
Robert Redfield
Jane Jacobs
Jacques Ellul
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urban culture, any of the behavioral patterns of the various types of cities and urban areas, both past and present. Definitions of the city and urban cultures Research on urban cultures naturally focuses on their defining institution, the city, and the lifeways, or cultural forms, that grow up within cities. Urban scholarship has steadily progressed toward a conception of cities and urban cultures that is free of ethnocentrism, with broad cross-cultural and historical validity. Well into the 20th century conceptions of the city often proceeded as if there were only one authentic or typical form. From his research on the city in Europe’s Middle Ages, Henri Pirenne, for example, argued in Medieval Cities (1925) that two characteristics were fundamental to the development of an urban culture: a bourgeoisie, or middle class, that depends on trade for both wealth and political autonomy from nonurban feudal power holders; and a communal organization of the urban citizenry that creates the municipal integration necessary to free the city from control by local feudal lords or religious authorities. Although it has often been taken as a general definition of the city and urban culture (whence the commonsense notion that cities must fulfill commercial functions), Pirenne’s formulation was deficient because only the European medieval city and its burgher culture were taken as typical of the “true” city. Max Weber in The City (1921) provided another definition of the city, similar to Pirenne’s, when he contrasted “Occidental” with “Oriental” urbanism. According to Weber, five attributes define an urban community: it must possess (1) a fortification, (2) a market, (3) a law code and court system of its own, (4) an association of urban citizenry creating a sense of municipal corporateness, and (5) sufficient political autonomy for urban citizens to choose the city’s governors. Weber believed that Oriental cities rarely achieved these essential characteristics because familial, tribal, or sectarian identities prevented urban residents from forming a unified urban citizenry able to resist state control. Even with regard to the Occident Weber’s definition would exclude almost all premodern cities, for the urban autonomy he required existed only in northern Europe and Italy and, even there, for very short periods of time at the end of the Middle Ages. The result was an overly limited conception of urban cultures, from which it was extremely difficult to generate a cross-culturally valid understanding. In the 1940s Robert Redfield, strongly influenced by Louis Wirth and other members of the Chicago school of urban ecology, conceived of the urban as invariably impersonal, heterogeneous, secular, and disorganizing. In the folk-urban model, as set forth in his article “The Folk Society,” Redfield contrasted this image of city life with an image of the folk community, which he characterized as small, sacred, highly personalistic, and homogeneous. He presumed that as individuals moved from folk community to city or as an entire society moved toward a more urbanized culture, there would be a breakdown in cultural traditions. Urbanizing individuals and societies would suffer from cultural disorganization and would have higher incidences of social pathologies like divorce, alcoholism, crime, and loneliness. Redfield’s conception of the city depended on the urban research carried on by sociologists in American industrial cities, predominantly Chicago. He ethnocentrically assumed that their findings could be generalized to all urban cultures. Subsequent research indicated that this conception was in many respects wrong even for American industrial cities. In spite of being generally ethnocentric and specifically inadequate for American cities, this conception still holds sway over much popular thinking, which conceives of cities, in all cultures and all times, as centres of bohemianism, social experimentation, dissent, anomie, crime, and similar conditions—whether for good or bad—created by social breakdown.
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Gideon Sjoberg (The Preindustrial City, Past and Present, 1960), in the next step toward a cross-culturally valid understanding of cities, challenged this conception of urban culture as ethnocentric and historically narrow. He divided the world’s urban centres into two types, the preindustrial city and the industrial city, which he distinguished on the basis of differences in the society’s technological level. Preindustrial cities, according to Sjoberg, are to be found in societies without sophisticated machine technology, where human and animal labour form the basis for economic production. Industrial cities predominate in the modernized nations of western Europe and America where energy sources from fossil fuels and atomic power phenomenally expand economic productivity. For Sjoberg, preindustrial urban culture differed markedly from its industrial counterpart: the preindustrial city’s neighbourhoods were strongly integrated by personalistic ties of ethnicity and sectarian allegiance; it maintained strong family connections, and social disorganization was little in evidence; churches or other sacred institutions dominated the skyline as well as the cultural beliefs of the urban place; and the major urban function was imperial administration rather than industrial production. Although Sjoberg’s conception of a preindustrial urban type was a major improvement over previous urban definitions, it too suffered from overgeneralization. Sjoberg collapsed urban cultures of strikingly different sorts into a single undifferentiated preindustrial city type—for example, the cities of ancient empires were conflated with present-day urban places in the Third World. Past urban cultures that did not readily fit the Sjoberg conception, such as the autocephalous (self-governing) cities of early modern Europe, were disposed of as temporary and unusual variants of his preindustrial type rather than important varieties of urban culture. In “The Cultural Role of Cities,” Robert Redfield and Milton Singer tried to improve on all previous conceptions of the city, including the one Redfield had himself used in his folk-urban model, by emphasizing the variable cultural roles played by cities in societies. Redfield and Singer delineated two cultural roles for cities that all urban places perform, although with varying degrees of intensity and elaboration. Cities whose predominant cultural role is the construction and codification of the society’s traditions perform “orthogenetic” functions. In such urban cultures, cadres of literati rationalize a “Great Tradition” of culture for the society at large. The cultural message emanating from Delhi, Paris, Washington, D.C., and other capitals of classic empires or modern nation-states functions to elaborate and safeguard cultural tradition. By contrast, cities whose primary cultural role is “heterogenetic,” as Redfield and Singer defined it, are centres of technical and economic change, and they function to create and introduce new ideas, cosmologies, and social practices into the society. In cities like London, Marseille, or New York, the intelligentsia challenge old methods, question established traditions, and help make such cities innovative cultural centres. Continuing Redfield and Singer’s concern for the cultural role of cities within their societies, Paul Wheatley in The Pivot of the Four Quarters (1971) has taken the earliest form of urban culture to be a ceremonial or cult centre that organized and dominated a surrounding rural region through its sacred practices and authority. According to Wheatley, only later did economic prominence and political power get added to this original urban cultural role. Wheatley, following Redfield and Singer, established that any conception of an urban culture had to be grounded in the cultural role of cities in their societies; research must specifically address how the urban cultural role organizes beliefs and practices in the wider culture beyond the urban precincts, and, consequently, how this urban cultural role necessitates certain lifeways and social groupings (cultural forms) in the city. Beginning in the 1970s, David Harvey (Social Justice and the City, 1973), Manuel Castells (The Urban Question, 1977), and other scholars influenced by Marxism caused a major shift in the conception of urban cultural roles. Although they mainly worked on cities in advanced capitalist cultures, their approach had wide relevance. Rather than looking outward from the city to the urban culture as a whole, the new scholarship conceived the city as a terminus for cultural roles emanating from the wider culture or even the world system. Harvey, for example, linked major changes in American urban lifeways to the urban culture of advanced capitalism: for him, the growth of suburbia developed out of capitalism’s promotion of new patterns of consumption in the interests of profit. Castells saw the city as an arena for social conflicts ultimately emanating from the class divisions within capitalist society.
This Marxist scholarship did not contradict the earlier emphasis on the city as the source of cultural roles so much as complement it. Studying the cultural roles of cities must include not only the cultural beliefs and practices that emanate from cities but also the cultural forms that develop within the city as a result of the impact of the urban culture on it. In this way scholarship can bring forward a cross-culturally and historically valid conception of cities, their cultural forms, and the urban cultures in which they are set.
THINK ON THESE: Understanding urban green spaces | Edge Davao
THINK ON THESE: Understanding urban green spaces | Edge Davao
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Home Vantage Points THINK ON THESE: Understanding urban green spaces
THINK ON THESE: Understanding urban green spaces
By Harold Clavite - August 20, 2022 11:55 pm
The first class highly-urbanized Davao City has a total land area of 2,443,61 square kilometers. As of the 2020 census, it is home to 1,776,949 people, according to the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA).
More and more people are flocking to the city.
“Urbanization results in an increasing proportion of the population living in the cities,” deplores the World Health Organization (WHO). “Many urban areas face increasing pressure from expanding populations, limited resources and growing impacts of climate change.”
To increase the quality of urban settings, enhance local resilience and promote sustainable lifestyles, improving both the health and the well-being of urban residents, health experts agreed that urban spaces and other nature-based solutions may offer some innovative approaches.
Urban green space is a component of so-called “green infrastructure.” It is defined as “all urban land covered by vegetation of any kind.” This covers vegetation on private and public grounds, irrespective of size and function, and can also include small water bodies such as ponds, lakes or streams.
“(Urban green space) is an important part of public open spaces and common services provided by a city and can serve as a health-promoting setting for all members of the urban community,” the WHO says.
In land-use planning, urban green space is open-space areas reserved for parks and other “green spaces,” including plant life, water features, and other kinds of natural environment, states the WHO publication, Urban green spaces: A brief for action.
Most urban open spaces are green spaces, but occasionally include other kinds of open areas. The landscape of urban open areas can range from playing fields to highly maintained environments to relatively natural landscapes.
In Davao City, the local government maintains 25 parks, 6 landmarks and 148 center islands. All of these are being monitored and assessed by the City Environment and Natural Resources Office.
Some of the parks, which are open to the public, are People’s Park, Rizal Park, Osmeña Park, Magsaysay Park, Roxas Freedom Park, Centennial Park, Millennium Park, Clifford Park, Quezon Park, and Bucana Pocket Park.
Among these parks, the four-hectare People’s Park is the largest. Dubbed as the “best park in the Philippines,” it features a mini-forest, man-made falls, a dancing fountain at night, fishponds, children’s playground and a giant durian dome.
A report from the Interfacing Development Interventions for Sustainability (IDIS) stated the city has allotted 1,035 hectares as public parks and open spaces. That’s only 3% of the estimated 36,000 hectares of the total urbanized area.
“(It) means that (Davao City) has only 500 square meters for every 1,000 population or 0.5 square meters per person,” IDIS said. “This is way below the existing green spaces allocated by cities in neighboring Southeast Asian countries such as Singapore, Kuala Lumpur in Malaysia and Bangkok in Thailand, with at least 5 square meters allocation per person.”
The United Nations and WHO recommend that every city shall provide a minimum of 9 square meters of accessible, safe and functional urban green space per person.
Three years ago, IDIS conducted a study which identified and mapped-out other available and possible green zones or spaces in Davao City. Findings showed an existing 264.83 hectares of green spaces, majority of which are privately owned and idle, have a potential to be privately-owned, and publicly accessible open spaces.
“Davao City’s urban district still has the green space it needs to provide citizens with the 9-square meters per person standard set by WHO,” IDIS said. “But in terms of accessibility, less than half of Davao City’s current urban green spaces are accessible to the public.”
There are several reasons why urban green spaces are a necessity. The benefits can be divided into four basic forms: recreation, ecology, aesthetic value, and positive health impacts.
“Psychological benefits gained by visitors to urban green spaces increased with their biodiversity, indicating that ‘green’ alone is not sufficient; the quality of that green is important as well,” Wikipedia says.
These urban green spaces are also habitat and refuge of birds.
Recently, a study on the diversity of bird species in urban green spaces of Davao City has been done. The findings were published in Philippine Journal of Science. The people behind the study were John Paul M. Banzon, Benito Anthony Pingoy, Virgilio de la Rosa, Maria Catherine Otero, Teaseur Susulan, Marian Dara Tagoon, Elsa May Delima-Baron, and Jayson Ibanez.
The research team surveyed 15 different sites of urban green spaces that were not previously covered by other surveys before. Bird species were identified following the books authored by Kennedy and colleagues (2000) and Hutchinson and colleagues (2015).
A total of 49 bird species (from 31 families) were documented with two species as the most represented. All species are currently included under the least concern category of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. About 16% of the species were endemic.
“Species richness across the sites varies significantly, with Cleanenergy Park having the most number of species. Species diversity values were noted to be high in green spaces situated outside the city center as opposed to sites near the city center,” the researchers wrote.
Urban green spaces, anyone?
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Urban Population of the Philippines (2020 Census of Population and Housing) | Philippine Statistics Authority | Republic of the Philippines
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Urban Population of the Philippines (2020 Census of Population and Housing)
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Urban Population of the Philippines (2020 Census of Population and Housing)
Release Date :
Tue, 07/05/2022 - 12:00
Reference Number :
2022-271
Urban population of the Philippines increases by 7.20 millionIn 2020, 58.93 million or 54.0 percent of the total 109.03 million population of the Philippines lived in urban barangays. This represents an increase of 7.20 million persons from the 51.73 million urban residents in 2015. The rural population or those who lived in barangays classified as rural in 2020 comprised the remaining 50.10 million persons or 46.0 percent of the total population. (Tables 1 and A)Level of urbanization improves by 2.8 percentage pointsThe level of urbanization or the proportion of the total population living in barangays classified as urban was recorded at 54.0 percent in 2020. This is 2.8 percentage points higher than the 51.2 percent level of urbanization in 2015. (Figure 1)Five regions surpass the national level of urbanizationAcross regions, aside from the NCR, which is classified as entirely urban, four other regions posted a level of urbanization higher than the national level (54.0%). These were: Region IV-A - CALABARZON (70.5%), Region XI - Davao (66.8%), Region III - Central Luzon (66.3%), and Region XII - SOCCSKSARGEN (55.5%). In 2015, the same five regions posted the highest level of urbanization. (Table 1) On the other hand, the five regions with the lowest level of urbanization were: Region VIII - Eastern Visayas (14.7%), Region II - Cagayan Valley (19.5%), Region V - Bicol (23.8%), Region I - Ilocos (25.5%), and the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao or BARMM (27.6%). (Table 1) Rizal ranks first in terms of level of urbanization among provincesOf the country’s 81 provinces, 11 provinces registered a level of urbanization higher than the national level in 2020 (54.0%). Rizal topped the list with 94.6 percent urbanization rate, followed by Bulacan (85.7%), and Laguna (79.3%). (Table 2)All but one of the 17 HUCs outside the NCR exceeds 60.0 percent level of urbanizationAmong the 17 highly urbanized cities (HUCs) outside the NCR, 16 had a level of urbanization of at least 60.0 percent. The City of Angeles and City of Mandaue had the highest level of urbanization with 100.0 percent each. They were followed by the City of Olongapo (98.5%) and the City of General Santos (98.4%). With an urbanization level of 56.0 percent, the City of Tacloban was the only HUC outside the NCR that posted an urbanization level lower than 60.0 percent. (Table 3)City of Davao registers the biggest urban population among the HUCs outside the NCRIn terms of population, the City of Davao posted the biggest urban population among the HUCs outside the NCR, with 1.63 million urban residents or a level of urbanization of 91.8 percent. It was followed by the City of Cebu with 908,195 urban population and 94.2 percent level of urbanization, and the City of Zamboanga with 869,929 urban population and 89.0 percent level of urbanization. (Table 3)Two component cities and eight municipalites are classified as entirely urbanExcluding the HUCs/municipality in the NCR and the 17 HUCs outside the NCR, two component cities were classified as entirely urban (100%), namely, the City of Santa Rosa and the City of Cabuyao both in the province of Laguna. Moreover, the eight municipalities that were classified as entirely urban were: Taytay and San Mateo in Rizal, Marilao in Bulacan, Jolo in Sulu, Santo Tomas in Pampanga, Morong in Bataan, Talaingod in Davao del Norte, and Kalayaan in Laguna. (Tables 4 and B)Tempo of urbanization decelerates to 2.4 percent in 2020Between the period 2015 to 2020, the tempo of urbanization was computed at 2.4 percent. This is lower by 2.2 percentage points compared with the 4.6 percent tempo of urbanization that was posted between the period 2010 to 2015. (Table 5) The urban population of the Philippines increased at an average of 2.8 percent annually during the period 2015 to 2020. In comparison, it is lower than the 4.1 percent average at which the urban population of the country grew annually during the period 2010 to 2015. Moreover, the rural population improved by 0.4 percent annually between the period 2015 to 2020 from a 0.5 percent annual decline between the period 2010 to 2015. (Table 5)Proportion of urban barangays to total barangays gains by 1.2 percentage pointOut of the 42,046 barangays in the Philippines in 2020, 7,957 barangays or 18.9 percent were classified as urban. In 2015, 7,437 barangays were classified as urban, representing 17.7 percent of the total 42,036 barangays during that year. (Tables 6 and C)More than half of the barangays classified as urban belongs to Category 1More than half (56.4%) or 3,525 of the 6,247 urban barangays in 2020 (excluding the 1,710 barangays in the NCR that were automatically classified as urban) were classified under Category 1, that is, they had a population size of at least 5,000 persons. Altogether, the population of these 3,525 Category 1 urban barangays totaled to 38.99 million or 85.8 percent of the total urban population in the country (excluding the 13.48 million urban residents in the NCR). In 2015, 53.0 percent or 3,037 of the 5,731 urban barangays (excluding the 1,706 barangays in the NCR that were automatically classified as urban) were classified under the same category. The corresponding population of these 3,037 Category 1 urban barangays totaled to 32.53 million or 83.7 percent of the country’s total urban population in 2015 (excluding the 12.88 million urban residents in the NCR). (Tables 7 and 8) The barangays classified as urban based on the presence of establishments with at least 100 employees (Category 2) totaled to 1,191, making up 19.1 percent of the total urban barangays in 2020. In comparison, Category 2 urban barangays totaled to 1,010 in 2015, accounting for 17.6 percent of the total barangays during that year. (Table 7) The remaining urban barangays, 1,531 or 24.5 percent of the total urban barangays in 2020, and 1,684 or 29.4 percent of the total urban barangays in 2015, had at least five establishments (with 10 to 99 employees) within the barangay, and at least five facilities within the two-kilometer radius from the barangay hall. These urban barangays were classified under Category 3. (Table 7) DENNIS S. MAPA, Ph.D.UndersecretaryNational Statistician and Civil Registrar General
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